单轴压缩条件下岩石声发射特性的实验研究

采用SDAES型数字声发射仪和岩石参数动态测试系统，对云南大红山铜矿2组岩石进行了单轴压缩条件下的声发射实验，研究岩石在单轴加载过程中声发射活动随时间和应力、变形等内在规律，比较2组岩石声发射规律的异同，在此基础上分析了岩石的破坏机理。实验结果表明：2组岩石声发射活动规律大体相同。除加载初期外，岩石声发射活动与试样体积变形间有较好的关联性，岩样中裂纹形成和原有裂纹扩展是造成岩石声发射活动与试样体积变形的主要原因。岩石破坏过程中岩石的声发射率和能率不完全一致，声发射能率的变化规律较声发射率表现得更加敏感，更适合用来预测岩石的破坏。

Experimental Study on the Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Rocks at Uniaxial Compression

SDAES digital acoustic emission (AE) instrument and the rock acoustic parameter testing system were used in the acoustic emission tests at uniaxial compression on two rock groups from Yunnan Dahongshan Copper Mine for studying the intrinsic acoustic emission characteristics of the rocks in relation to the time, stress and deformation during the uniaxial loading process, comparing the acoustic emission characteristics of the two groups of rock and on this basis, analyzing the breakage mechanism of the rocks. The result indicates that the acoustic emission regularities of the two groups of rock are basically the same. Except in the initial loading stage, there is good correlation between the rock acoustic emission activity and the volumetric deformation of the sample rocks. The micro-fracture formation and the expansion of the original fractures are the main cause for their acoustic emission and volumetric deformation. The acoustic emission rate does not fully accord with that of energy in the rock breakage process, with the former more sensitive than the latter and therefore more suitable for use in predicting the rock failure.