黄河水量统一调度与调水调沙对河口的生态水文影响

从具有生态学意义的流量、频率、出现时间、持续时间和变化率等5种水文要素出发，采用水文变化指标体系定量评估了黄河水量统一调度与调水调沙对河口段生态水文情势的影响，讨论了河口环境水流需求以及调水调沙后水文情势对环境水流的满足程度。研究结果表明，与水量统一调度前相比，水量统一调度与调水调沙后利津断面水文情势有所改善，年极小值流量明显增加，但是水文过程变化率降低，洪水漫滩过程消失，水文过程趋于平缓。目前河口段水文情势能够满足枯水期适宜生态流量需求，汛前4—5月关键期无法满足适宜生态流量与流量脉冲过程，汛期除缺乏洪水脉冲过程外，基本能够满足高流量输沙需求。

Effects of the integrated water regulation and water-sediment regulation of the Yellow River on the eco-hydrology of its estuary

The Indicators of Hydrological Alteration (IHA) that includes five flow components (discharge, frequency, timing, duration and rate of change) with great ecological significance are adopted to estimate the effects of the integrated water regulation and water-sediment regulation of the Yellow River on the eco-hydrology of the river estuary. The demands for environmental flows and satisfaction degree of current hydrological regime were discussed. The results indicate that estuarine hydrologic regime has been improved effectively due to the integrated water regulation and water-sediment regulation. While the rate of change decreased; the flood pulse process disappeared and the hydrologic process became flat. The hydrological regime is able to meet the appropriate ecological flows during the dry period and that of the flood period could achieve the river channel scouring except for the lack of flood pulse process. While, during April to June the hydrological processes are incapable of meeting the ecological flows and short of the flow pulsing for fish reproduction.