钢轨内残余应力的产生及其危害

从钢轨的生产工艺和使用情况人手，分析了钢轨内部残余应力的产生原因、分布状态。结果表明：钢轨在生产和使用过程中均可以产生残余应力；钢轨内部存在大且不合理的残余应力(轨头、轨底拉应力，轨腰压应力)，将会影响钢轨的使用和落锤性能，严重时会造成线路钢轨的突发性断裂或落锤试验不合格。

Production of the Residual Stress in the Rail and Its Harm

The production cause and the distribution of residual stress had been analyzed through the production process and the application condition of the rail.The results show that the residual stress could be produced either during the production or the service of the rail.The large and irrational residual stress existing in the rail(tensile stress in the rail head and the rail foot,compressive stress in the rail web) would affect the application and the drop hammer properties,resulting in the abrupt fracture of the rail on line or the unqualified the drop hammer test.