基于最小生成树的非均匀分簇路由协议

针对无线传感器网络中利用分簇技术,簇首到Sink节点通信采用多跳路由方式容易引起"能量空洞"的问题,提出了基于最小生成树的非均匀分簇路由协议.该协议在簇首选举阶段,以节点剩余能量、节点度、节点能量消耗速度为权重计算簇首竞争等待时间,选用簇首竞争等待时间小的节点为簇首,以均衡能量;簇形成后,以剩余能量、簇间的距离和能量消耗为参数构建基于最小生成树的最优传输路径通过多跳方式将数据发送到Sink节点.仿真结果表明,该路由协议能有效均衡能耗,延长网络生命周期,延缓"能量空洞"的形成.

Uneven Clustering Routing Protocol Based on Minimum Spanning Tree

When the data is transmitted from cluster heads to Sink node via multi-hop communication,the energy hole may be caused. In order to solve the problem,an uneven clustering routing protocol based on minimum span-ning tree is proposed. In the cluster heads selection stage,the protocol calculates the cluster head selection time of each node based on the residual energy,the node degree and the energy consumption rate. The protocol selects the cluster head by the cluster head selection time. In the stage of routing establishment,the protocol builds the optimal transmission path based on minimum spanning tree,according to the residual energy of cluster heads,the distance between cluster heads and energy consumption. The cluster heads send the data to Sink node through the nodes of the tree by multi-hop. The simulation shows that the routing protocol can effectively balance energy consumption, prolong the wireless sensor network survival period and delay the forming speed of energy hole.