新型磷硅阻燃剂的合成及其对PC/ABS的阻燃研究

以三氯氧磷、季戊四醇和二乙氧基氨丙基硅甲烷为原料合成了一种磷硅阻燃剂PN,并通过红外光谱和核磁共振测定了其结构。将PN与聚碳酸酯/(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(PC/ABS)体系共混后研究了PN对PC/ABS体系热降解性能、阻燃性能和残炭形貌的影响。结果表明,PN能改善PC/ABS体系的高温热稳定性和残炭量,在燃烧时形成内表面发泡、外表面致密连续的膨胀炭层;且能提高PC/ABS体系的阻燃性能,当PN的添加量从0增加到30份时,PC/ABS共混材料的极限氧指数由21%增加到29%;当PN添加量超过20份后,共混材料的阻燃等级能够达到UL94V-1级。

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL FLAME-RETARDANT CONTAINING PHOSPHORUS AND SILICON AND ITS FLAME-RETARDANT EFFECT ON PC/ABS

A novel flame-retardant poly(spirocyclic pentraeythritol bisphosphorate disphosphoryl chloride N-aminopropyle methyl diethoxy silane) (PN) with a structure containing phosphorus and silicon was synthesized from pentaerythritol, phosphorus oxychloride and N-aminopropyle methyl diethoxy silane, and its structure was characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR and 31PNMR. The effect of PN on the thermal degradation behavior, flame-retardancy and char morphology of PC/ABS was investigated after blending PN with PC/ABS. Results showed that PN improved the high temperature thermal stability and residue char amount of PC/ABS, and made a good contribution to the forming of a char layer with an inner surface as a "foam" structure and a continuous dense outer surface; PN improved the flame retardancy of PC/ABS obviously. With the PN addition level increased from 0% to 30%, the LOI of PC/ABS/PN increased from 21% to 29%. And it passed UL 94 V-1 testing at the addition level of more than 20%.