航空结构宽板铆接搭接件承载性能数值研究

为研究飞机蒙皮铆接搭接结构的力学特性，基于ANSYS软件建立宽板三排铆钉搭接件的三维有限元分析模型。考虑物面间的非线性接触、铆钉与板孔间的干涉配合、铆钉预紧力的影响，应用非线性有限元法对宽板铆接搭接件在恒定远端拉伸载荷作用下的承载性能进行计算。通过读取沿预设路径的位移分布数据，获得宽板搭接件产生的次弯曲和第三弯曲的变形趋势。从搭接板等效应力云图可以看出，靠近宽搭接板侧缘的沉头铆钉孔周围应力集中比较严重。计算每个铆钉的钉传载荷，获得宽板搭接件铆钉承载的分布规律。在调整铆钉预紧力和钉孔干涉配合量的情况下，给出三排铆钉载荷传递比的变化情况。针对宽板铆接搭接件的力学特性计算分析，可以为后续的搭接件结构多处损伤裂纹扩展和疲劳寿命研究奠定基础。

Numerical Study on Loading Properties of Wide Riveted Lap Joints in Aeronautical Structures

A three-dimensional finite element model of the wide triple-row riveted lap joints is developed by ANSYS software in order to analyze the mechanical properties of the riveted skin in aircraft structures. The loading properties of the wide riveted lap joints under constant tensile load are computed using the nonlinear finite element method. The surface-to-surface nonlinear contact problems and the effect of rivet interference fit, as well as the pre-loads of rivets are included in the numerical simulations. The deformation of the wide riveted lap joints induced by secondary bending and tertiary bending are presented by reading the structural displacements along the predefined paths in the wide riveted lap joints. Von Mises stress contour shows a more serious stress concentration around the countersink near the outer side of the lap joints. The load transferred by every rivet is calculated, and the distribution of rivet loads on the wide lap joints can be observed. The load transfer ratio of each row of rivets are obtained with different pre-load and interference fit. The numerical computation about mechanical characteristics of the wide riveted lap joints provides for the further studies on multiple-site damage of riveted lap joints and its fatigue life.