面向知识生产的邻避设施规划公众参与——基于北京阿苏卫垃圾焚烧厂的实证分析

传统的公众参与理论以经济人假设为基础,以利益相关者为核心,认为公众参与的目的在于表达利益诉求。但就邻避设施而言,公众抵制的原因并非利益补偿,而在于安全和环境风险,利益相关者理论难以指导其公众参与实践。当前认知和行为理论正在经历知识转向,知识生产成为解释公众参与的重要动因和目的。北京阿苏卫垃圾焚烧厂案例系统地展示了基于知识生产的公众参与:距离垃圾焚烧厂较远但具有较强知识背景和学习能力的居民主导了整个公众参与过程,他们通过自主学习和与专家及政府官员的交互学习达成共识,并相互配合共同解决垃圾焚烧的障碍,最终使得该项目得以顺利开工建设,为破解邻避设施规划建设的公众参与困境提供了一个新的思路。

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN THE PLANNING OF NIMBY FACILITIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION: A CASE STUDY OF BEIJING ASUWEI INCINERATION PLANT

The dilemma of public participation in the planning of NIMBY facilities is not because of the contradiction of interests,but the environment risk and uncertainty.The stakeholder theory,the core of traditional public participation,is ineffective in guiding the practice.Knowledge is the key to eliminate risk and uncertainty.The case of Beijing Asuwei Incineration Plant presents an ideal public participation process from the perspective of knowledge production.Based on the theory of knowledge turn and the case of Beijing Asuwei Incineration Plant,this paper elaborates who participate,why they participate,and how they participate.It will provide a new thought to solve the dilemma in the planning of NIMBY facilities.