二维水流数学模型在多分汊河道鱼类栖息地设计中的应用

多分汊河道汇合或分流口水流流态复杂,常常存在河口滩及深槽,复杂多样的水文水力条件为鱼类提供了良好的进食及休憩场所。针对多分汊河道边界复杂的特点,建立了基于一般曲线坐标系下的平面二维水流数学模型。将所建立的数学模型应用于大渡河乐山段安谷水电站左岸生态河网建设和鱼类栖息地设计,对工程投运前后河段的水深、流速、流场、分流比进行模拟和对比分析,设置生态工程措施,使得鱼类产卵场河段水流特性仍满足鱼类栖息地要求。从安谷水电站运行效果看,设计的生态措施对河道鱼类栖息改善取得了较好的实践效果。

Application of 2D Flow Mathematical Model to Fish Habitat Design in Braided River Channel

Due to complex flow patterns,the confluence or diversion port of braided river is often encountered with estuarine beaches and deep channels.The complex and diverse hydrologic conditions provide a good habitat for fishes.In line with the complex boundary of braided river,a two-dimensional mathematical flow model based on the general curve coordinate system is established and applied to the construction of ecological river network and fish habitat design of the left bank of Angu hydropower station in Leshan reach of Dadu River.The water depth,flow velocity,flow field and diversion ratio of the river reach before and after the project are simulated and compared.By implementing ecological engineering measures in the ecological river channel on the left bank,the water flow characteristics of the spawning area still meet the requirements of fish habitat.In terms of the operation effect of Angu hydropower station,the designed ecological measures have achieved good practical effect on the improvement of fish habitat in river.