基于萤石尾矿和废玻璃烧结制备氟磷灰石微晶玻璃

以萤石尾矿和废玻璃为主要原料,硅酸钙为添加剂,采用烧结法制备微晶玻璃。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜等对微晶玻璃的析晶特性和微观形貌进行表征,利用Image Pro Plus统计晶粒的尺寸和数量,利用Factsage软件对不同配比下微晶玻璃制备过程中的物相和高温液相量的变化进行表征,并对微晶玻璃的抗折强度和耐酸碱性能进行测试。结果表明:通过废玻璃引入磷元素,可制备出主晶相为氟磷灰石(Ca₅P₃O₁₂F)的微晶玻璃,且烧成温度范围宽,在1 060~1 180 ℃均可得到表现良好的微晶玻璃;随着添加剂硅酸钙配比的提高,主晶相种类并未改变,但氟磷灰石晶粒细化,有利于提升微晶玻璃的机械性能;当萤石尾矿质量分数为30%、废玻璃质量分数为60%、硅酸钙质量分数为10%时,制备的微晶玻璃具有良好的强度和耐酸碱性能。本研究设计的微晶玻璃为萤石尾矿的回收利用提供了新途径,对降低微晶玻璃生产成本和促进固废资源循环经济的发展具有重要的现实意义和经济效益。

Preparation of Fluorapatite Based Glass-Ceramics from Fluorite Tailings and Waste Glass by Sintering Method

In this work, glass-ceramics were prepared by sintering method with fluorite tailings (FT) and waste glass (WG) as raw materials and calcium silicate (CS) as additive. The crystallization characteristics and morphology of glass-ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffracometer and scanning electron microscope. The size and number of grains were counted by Image Pro Plus. The changes in the phase and liquid phase of high temperature during the preparation of glass-ceramics under different ratios were characterized by Factsage software. And the flexural strength, acid and alkali resistance of glass-ceramics were tested. The results show that the good-quality glass-ceramicswith fluorapatite (Ca₅P₃O₁₂F) as the main crystalline phase are obtained in the temperature range of 1 060 ℃ to 1 180 ℃. With the increase of CS ratio, the grain refinement of the main crystalline phase—fluorapatite is obtained, which is beneficial to improve the mechanical property of glass-ceramics. At a ratio (mass fraction) of 30%FT, 60%WG and 10%CS, glass-ceramics have not only good strength but also good acid and alkali resistance. The glass-ceramics designed in this work provide an economic and novel way of recycling FT, which is of great practical significance to reduce the production cost of glass-ceramics and promote the development of recycling economy of solid waste resource.