小型铅铋冷却快堆堆芯功率控制研究

铅铋冷却快堆多用于海洋、山区等偏远特殊环境的孤网供电，用户特性要求小型铅铋冷却快堆需具有良好的负荷跟踪能力。本文将3种不同的控制方法应用于铅铋冷却快堆堆芯功率控制，通过引入噪声、死区、时滞等环节对控制器的稳定性和设定值跟踪能力进行了测试。结果表明，比例-积分-微分（PID）控制器很难达到较好的控制效果，因此工业应用时往往加入了其他环节以保证PID控制器的稳定性。自抗扰（ADRC）控制器和H∞鲁棒控制器都具有良好的抗噪能力，能够独立地完成较好的控制效果，但良好的抗噪能力要牺牲一定的灵敏性。通过对3种控制器的比较分析表明，由于仿真计算对实际对象进行了简化，在这样的条件下所设计的控制器应选择较为保守的参数。

Study on Core Power Control of Small Lead-Bismuth Cooled Fast Reactor

Lead-bismuth cooled fast reactors are mostly used for isolated power supply in remote and special environments such as oceans and mountains. The characteristics of users require that small lead-bismuth cooled fast reactors have good load following ability. In this paper, three different control methods are applied to the core power control of lead-bismuth cooled fast reactor, and the stability and set value tracking ability of the controller are tested by introducing noise, dead zone and time lag. The results show that the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is difficult to achieve good control effect, so other links are often added in industrial applications to ensure the stability of the PID controller. Both active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and H_∞ robust controller have good anti-noise ability, and can independently achieve good control effect, but good anti-noise ability must sacrifice a certain sensitivity. The comparative analysis of the three kinds of controllers shows that because the simulation calculation simplifies the actual object, the controller designed under such conditions shall be designed with more conservative parameters.