铅合金材料的腐蚀防护研究进展

铅合金具有良好的延展性、铸造性和抗腐蚀性等特点，在蓄电池、航天工业、轻工业、射线防护等行业有着广泛的应用，但铅合金容易受湿度、温度和大气成分等因素的影响，导致其表面受潮引起腐蚀。目前，解决这些问题的主要方式是通过调整优化合金主元素成分、微量元素成分、晶粒尺寸和种类等因素来改善铅合金的微观组织、力学性能、电学性能以及腐蚀性能。本文介绍铅合金的腐蚀机理，并从铅合金的合金化处理、表面处理以及晶界工程处理等方面综述铅合金在提高腐蚀性能方面的研究进展，最后对开发实用性铅合金的表面处理工艺等方面进行了展望。

Research Progress on Corrosion Protection of Lead Alloy Materials

Lead alloy has been widely used in battery, aerospace industry, light industry, radiation protection and other industries fields because of its good ductility, castability and corrosion resistance. However, lead alloy is susceptible to humidity, temperature, atmospheric composition and other factors, which resulting in its surfacedamp corrosion. At present, the main ways to solve these problems are to improve the microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical properties and corrosion properties of lead alloys by adjusting and optimizing the main element composition, trace element composition, grain size and type of the alloy. In this paper, the corrosion mechanism of lead alloys is discussed. In addition, the research progress of lead alloys in improving their corrosion properties is reviewed from alloying treatment, surface treatment and grain boundary engineering treatment. Finally, the development of practical surface treatment technology of lead alloy is prospected.