针对小江回水区水华现象的生态调度方案评估

水库生态调度是一种有效的生态补偿手段,通过合理的水库调度方式,可以弥补或减缓水利工程对生态环境造成的影响。综合考虑开县消落带的生态需求和现行三峡水库的调度运行特点,应用验证后的生态动力学模型,模拟出小江调节坝调度方案。提出适用于小江调度方案优化的评估指标体系,根据不同调度方案下调节坝上下游水位、流速和水质情况,利用层次分析法对调度方案进行评估分析,确定调节坝的最优调度方案。研究证明,通过对调节坝的合理调度来改变下游河流水动力条件,可以抑制藻类大量繁殖生长以及改变河流营养盐分布。为以生态调度控藻为目的制定合理的小江生态调度方案提供了可靠的依据。

Assessment on Ecological Operation Scheme for Algal Bloom in Backwater Area of Xiaojiang River

As an effective means of ecological compensation,reservoir ecological operation can make up or reduce the impacts of water conservation project on the ecological environment using the reasonable reservoir regulation modes.Considering the ecological demand of the Kaixian hydro-fluctuation zone and the current operation features of the Three Gorges,an ecological dynamic model is developed to simulate the operation scheme of the regulating dam in the Xiaojiang River.An evaluation index system to optimize the regulation scheme in the Xiaojiang River is proposed,and this system can evaluate and analyze the operation scheme using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) based on the water-levels,flow rates,and water qualities upstream and downstream of the regulating dam under different operation schemes,and it can then determine the optimal operation scheme for the regulating dam.The results show that the large reproduction of algae can be inhibited and the distribution of river nutrient can be changed by changing the downstream hydrodynamic conditions through the reasonable operation for the regulating dam,which provides reliable references for establishing reasonable ecological regulation scheme in the Xiaojiang River to control the growth of algae.