临淮岗主坝开孔垂直联锁混凝土砌块护坡试验研究

临淮岗主坝护坡量大、工期紧,波要素远大于一般堤防工程,且坝基下有淤泥质土层,现浇混凝土护坡难以适应坝体沉降变形,砌石护坡石料开采困难,常规混凝土砌块护坡厚度较大。为解决主坝护坡存在的技术难题,临淮岗主坝护坡首次采用"无绳索开孔垂直联锁砌块",该砌块特别设计的开孔,有利减小波浪作用产生的浮托力,垂直联锁设计可实现砌块三维空间上相互咬合,增强整体性,减小护坡厚度。通过对荷兰Pilarczyk公式、Breteler公式及根据砌块护坡稳定性系列试验研究导出的计算公式几种计算方法进行研究比较,结合临淮岗主坝抗风浪模型试验,合理确定开孔垂直联锁混凝土砌块厚度,提出了砌块设计具体技术指标。

Experiment of Vertical Interlocking Concrete Block Revetment with Openings for Main Dam of Linhuaigang Project

The main dam of Linhuaigang project has a large revetment slope volume and a tight time schedule,and its wave parameters are much larger than those of the general embankment project.There is a silt layer under the dam foundation,and the cast-in-place concrete revetment is difficult to adapt to the subsidence deformation of the dam.The stone material for the block revetment is hard to be explored,and the thickness of the conventional concrete block revetment is generally large.In order to solve the technical problems of the revetment of the main dam,the revetment of the main dam for the Linhuaigang project adopts the technology of "non-rope vertical interlocking block with openings" for the first time.The block has specially designed openings,which can decrease the uplifting pressure caused by wave action.The design of vertical interlocking can realize the mutual interlocking of the blocks in the three-dimensional space,which can then enhance the integrity and reduce the thickness of the revetment.Based on the comparison among the Pilarczyk formula,Breteler formula,and several derived calculation methods obtained from a series of block revetment stability tests,and according to the anti-wave model test of the main dam for the Linhuaigang project,the reasonable thickness of the vertical interlocking concrete block with openings is determined and the specifically technical indicators for the block design are presented.