纳米零价铁用于地下水污染修复时存在的问题与对策

介绍了纳米零价铁(Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron,NZVI))用于地下水污染修复时存在的问题及改进技术。NZVI可以去除水体中的各种卤代烃(主要是氯代烃)以及Cr、Pb、As等重金属,但NZVI在水体中会由于团聚、沉淀和钝化等而降低其修复效率。将超声波技术和添加微生物方法与NZVI技术进行协同,以及对NZVI进行固体负载和表面改性是解决NZVI修复地下水时存在问题的有效途径。今后,探讨地下复杂环境因素对应用NZVI进行地下水修复的影响,以及改进NZVI水污染修复技术是利用NZVI修复地下水污染的重要研究方向。

Problems and Countermeasures of Using Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron in Groundwater Contamination Remediation

The problems and countermeasures of using the Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron(NZVI) for groundwater contamination remediation were introduced in this paper.NZVI can remove the halogenated hydrocarbons(mainly chlorinated hydrocarbons) from water and Cr,Pb,and As pollutants.The efficiency of contamination remediation can decrease because of the agglomeration,deposition,and inactivation of NZVI in water.The methods of sonication and adding microorganisms combined with the loading of NZVI to the surface of other solids and the change of the surface properties of NZVI are effective means to improve the ability of NZVI for groundwater contamination remediation.The effects of the complex underground environmental factors on using the NZVI in groundwater contamination remediation and the improvement of the NZVI technique in groundwater contamination remediation are important issues in future studies.