From coal towards renewables: Catalytic/synergistic effects during steam co-gasification of switchgrass and coal in a pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Clean Energy Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada;2. Highbury Energy Inc., Suite 1820 Cathedral Place, 925 West Georgia Street, Vancouver V6C 3L2, Canada;1. Department of Food Engineering, URI – Campus de Erechim, Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, Erechim, RS 99700-000, Brazil;2. Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, CEP 88800-000 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil;3. LASEFI/DEA/FEA (School of Food Engineering)/UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil;4. Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim, Av. Dom João Hoffmann, Erechim 99700-000, Brazil;5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil;1. School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;2. Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;3. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;1. Division of Engineering, Saint Mary''s University, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada;2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Royal Military College, Kingston, ON, K7K 7B4, Canada;3. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, USA;1. School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China;2. School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia;1. School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Australia;2. Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212013, China |
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| Abstract: | Recent environmental sharp curbs on fossil fuel energy systems such as coal power plants due to their greenhouse gas emissions have compelled industries to include renewable fuels. Biomass/coal co-gasification could provide a transition from energy production based on fossil fuels to renewables. A low-ash coal and switchgrass rich in potassium were selected on the basis of previous thermogravimetric studies to steam co-gasify 50:50 wt% coal:switchgrass mixtures in a pilot scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor with silica sand as the bed material at ∼800 and 860 °C and 1 atm. With the switchgrass added to coal, the hydrogen and cold gas efficiencies, gas yield and HHV of the product gas were enhanced remarkably relative to single-fuel gasification. The product gas tar yield also decreased considerably due to decomposition of tar catalyzed by switchgrass alkali and alkaline earth metals. Switchgrass ash therefore can act as inexpensive natural catalysts for steam gasification and assist in operating at lower temperatures without being penalized by an increase in product tar yield. An equilibrium model over-predicted hydrogen and under-predicted methane concentrations. However, an empirically kinetically-modified model was able to predict the product gas compositions accurately. |
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| Keywords: | Co-gasification Switchgrass Coal Catalysis Alkali metals Synergistic effects |
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