Neonate Silkworm (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bombyx mori</Emphasis>) Larvae Are Attracted to Mulberry (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Morus alba</Emphasis>) Leaves with Conspecific Feeding Damage |
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Authors: | Allison C Mooney Hugh M Robertson Kevin W Wanner |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;(2) Entomology, Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, 119 Plant BioSciences, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150, USA |
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Abstract: | The silkworm Bombyx mori is a molecular genetic model for the Lepidoptera. Its odorant receptor genes have been described, and preliminary studies
suggest that several are expressed specifically in the larval caterpillar stage. This study was undertaken to identify olfactory
behaviors specific to the larvae. A two-choice leaf disk bioassay with naive neonate larvae was used to evaluate the attractiveness
of three types of mulberry leaf (Morus alba): newly flushed leaves from branch tips, mature leaves, and mature leaves with feeding damage caused by conspecific larvae.
Mature leaves with feeding damage were the most attractive, newly flushed leaves were moderately favored, and undamaged mature
leaves were the least attractive. Volatile odors collected from whole mulberry leaves by using solid-phase microextraction
fibers were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The volatile profile of newly flushed leaves and mature leaves
damaged by conspecific larvae was more complex compared to undamaged mature leaves. By comparing the volatile makeup of each
leaf type, a list of 22 candidate odors responsible for attracting the neonate larvae was generated; α-farnesene was particularly
notable as a herbivore-induced volatile. These odors will be used in future in vitro studies to determine whether they activate
larval-specific odorant receptors.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
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Keywords: | Silkworm Bombyx mori Mulberry Leaf volatiles Larval olfaction |
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