发酵法生产1,3-丙二醇的高产策略

以1,3-丙二醇为单体生产的聚对苯二甲酸二醇酯是一种新型聚酯材料,具有优良的特性,是目前合成纤维新品种开发热点。1,3-丙二醇工业生产主要采用化学法合成,设备投资大、技术难度高、需要重金属催化剂、污染环境,各国都在致力于开发生物发酵法生产技术,由DuPont,Tate&Lyle,Genencor联合建立的年产10万磅的中试发酵装置已投入运转。本文详细介绍了甘油在微生物体内的代谢途径、不同菌种的代谢特点、基因工程研究进展,指出发酵法生产1,3-丙二醇的高产策略是筛选菌种、优化培养工艺、混合菌发酵、双底物发酵和构建基因工程菌。

High Yield Strategy for Production of 1,3-Propanediol by Fermentation Method

Polyterephthalate produced based on monomeric 1,3-propanediol is a new polyester material with excellent performance, it is becoming a hot point to develop new synthetic fiber currently. The 1,3-propanediol is produced commercially via chemical synthetic process but it involves large amount of investment for equipment, much difficult technology, needing heavy metals as catalyst, and environmental pollution. Now the production technology based on biofermentation is being worked for 1 ,3-propanediol in the world. A pilot fermentation plant with capacity of 100 thousand pounds per year constructed jointly by DuPont, Tate & Lyle and Genencor has been put into operation. In this paper metabolic pathway of glycerin in the body of microorganism , metabolic characteristic of different bacteria, and progress in research of genetic engineering are detailed. Correct e-lection of bacteria, optimization of culture technique, fermentation based on mixed bacteria and double substrate ferment and building of genetic engineering bacteria are the strategy for production of 1 ,3-propanediol with high yield.