基于自适应有源噪声控制的噪声防护头盔

隧道施工噪声多为宽频带混合型噪声，声源多、距离近、声级高兼有振动存在等一系列特点，而且隧道内的各种声响都是在同一个封闭的环形坑道中产生或消失的。施工人员就处在听觉暴露受损的强噪声之下，这些无规则的、杂乱的噪声给施工者造成很大的危害。自适应有源噪声控制技术作为一项新技术，可以有效地解决固定参数的有源噪声控制在处理具有时变性、输入信号或声场不稳定等噪声时存在的不足。可以用环境误差信号来控制自适应滤波器参数，自动跟踪环境的变化并自动调节自适应滤波器参数，从而保证有源降噪系统具有优化的性能，在噪声控制上引起人们的极大重视。根据以上情况，文章把自适应有源噪声控制技术应用到隧道施工噪声控制中去，在理论上提出和设计了一种隧道施工中对个体受主进行噪声防护的头盔。

Noise protection helmet based on adaptive active noise control

Noise in tunnel construction is usually wide banded with multiple high level sources at short distances, and with coexistence of vibrations. Various sounds in the tunnel occur and die within the same closed space. Workers exposed to such strong noise suffer from serious damage to their health. Active noise control using adaptive techniques can be used to solve the problem, which is caused by time-varying effects, instability, and complicated environments. The filter parameters are automatically adjusted by errors due to environmental changes. In this way, the system performance is optimized. A helmet is designed in accordance with the principles, which can be used to protect the workers.