黄河下游引黄灌区土地沙漠化研究

黄河下游引黄灌区有13条大型骨干排水河道。自20世纪60年代复灌以来，由于引黄灌溉面积不断增加，大量引黄泥沙流入农田，加上降雨地表侵蚀，致使泥沙不断积累，土地沙化现象严重，直接影响着当地工农业生产的发展。从灌区水沙平衡人手，建立引黄退沙、降雨地表侵蚀计算数学模型；以近期引黄水沙资料为基础，定量计算泥沙的区域分配规律，预测土地沙化发展演变趋势，为黄河下游工农业生产发展提供参考依据。

Study on Land Desertification of River Diversion Irrigation Area on the Lower Yellow River

There are 13 large-scale key drainage canals in the irrigation area on the lower Yellow River.Since re-starting irrigation in 1960's,due to continuous increase of river diversion irrigation area,a great quantity of sediment of the river diverted into farmlands in addition to surface erosion because of rainfall,resulting in continuous accumulation of sediment,serious desertification of land and directly effecting the local agricultural and industrial development.The paper establishes a mathematical model for calculating sediment reduction while diversion and rainfall erosion starting with keeping the balance of water-sediment of irrigation area and;quantitatively calculates the regional distribution law of sediment and predicts the development and evolution trend of land desertification based on the recent diversion data,providing reference basis for agricultural and industrial development of the lower Yellow River.