塔里木河流域绿洲水土资源匹配特征及稳定性分析

水土资源是维持干旱区绿洲可持续发展的关键要素,其时空变化直接影响绿洲的社会经济发展和生态安全.文章旨在通过水足迹与空间分析相结合的方法揭示塔里木河流域绿洲水土资源的时空匹配特征及其相互影响.1990-2015年间塔里木河流域农业水足迹增加了225.2亿m3,人工绿洲增加了1.30万km2,天然绿洲减少了0.16万km2...

Analysis on the matching characteristics and stability of oasis water and land resources in the Tarim river basin

Water and land resources play important roles on maintaining the stable and sustainable development of oasis in arid regions, whose changes in time and space will affect the economic development and ecological security of the oasis directly. Taking the Tarim river basin in China as an example, the paper aims to reveal the mutual effect between the matching features, spatial and temporal changes, and agricultural water footprint of water and land resources in the river basin and oasis land resources through integrating water footprint theory and spatial analysis. From 1990 to 2015, the agricultural water footprint of the Tarim river basin increased by 22.52 billion m³, the artificial oasis increased by 13, 000 km², and the natural oasis decreased by 1, 600 km². Spatially, the natural oasis and artificial oasis tend to converge on the lower reaches of the Yarkant River, surrounding areas of the Weigan river, the middle reaches of the Kaikong river and the areas between Aksu river and the main stream of Tarim river. The spatial mismatch between agricultural water footprint and natural oasis is much higher than artificial oasis, and the oasis in the whole basin is in a metastable or stable state. It is suggested that the local government can improve the matching and stability of water and land resources in the river basin through economic structural transformation and large-scale agricultural production. The results could provide feasible countermeasures and suggestions for the effective management of oasis water and land resources and maintenance of ecological security in the oasis.