bdGas carburizing of steel with furnace atmospheres formedin situ from methane and air and from butane and air |
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Authors: | C A Stickels C M Mack J A Pieprzak |
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Affiliation: | (1) Ford Motor Company, 48121 Dearborn, MI;(2) Transmission and Chassis Division, Ford Motor Company, Livonia, MI |
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Abstract: | Carburizing experiments were conducted at 927°C (1700°F) and 843°C (1550°F) using furnace atmospheres formed from methane
and air and from butane and air introduced directly into the carburizing furnace. Gas flow rates were low to promote equilibration
of the reaction products within the furnace. The air flow rate was held constant while the methane or butane flow was automatically
regulated to maintain a constant oxygen potential, as measured by a zirconia oxygen sensor, within the furnace. In comparing
the results of these experiments with earlier results obtained using propane and air, several differences were noted: (a)
The methane content of the furnace atmosphere, measured by infrared analysis, was about twice as great when methane was the
feed gas rather than propane or butane. This was true despite the fact that the mean residence time of the gas within the
furnace was greater in the methane experiments. Methane appears to be less effective than propane or butane in reducing the
CO2 and H2O contents to the levels required for carburizing. (b) There was a greater tendency for the CO content of the furnace atmosphere
to decrease at high carbon potentials when methane is used instead of propane or butane. The decrease in CO content is due
to hydrogen dilution caused by sooting in the furnace vestibule. These differences in behavior make propane or butane better
suited than methane forin situ generation of carburizing atmospheres. However, there is no difference in the amount of carburizing occurring at a specified
carbon potential when methane, propane, or butane are used as the feed gas in this process.
J.A.Pieprzak, formerly a member of the Engineering and Research Staff |
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