钛合金激光表面处理的进展及应用

钛及其合金由于质轻、耐腐蚀性能好、强度高、弹性模量低、生物相容性佳和骨整合性优异，已成为应用最广泛的航空航天与生物医学金属材料之一。然而，较低的塑性、低硬度、和耐磨损性能限制了其发展和应用。激光表面处理（LST）技术在不改变材料体积的情况下增强表面性能，成为钛合金表面改性的一种有利手段。综述了利用LST技术对钛及其合金材料进行表面改性的研究进展和应用现状。分析了激光相变硬化、激光表面重熔、激光冲击喷丸、激光表面合金化、激光熔覆和复合LST的机理、工艺参数、表面特性和微观结构。总结了LST在航空航天、医学等领域的应用，介绍了现有的局限性，提出了未来的研究方向，并对LST在钛及其合金材料上的发展趋势进行了展望，以推进LST创新，为钛合金在多领域中的应用开辟新途径。

Advancements and Applications of Laser Surface Treatment on Titanium Alloys

Titanium and its alloys, characterized by light weight, excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, low elastic modulus, superior biocompatibility, and outstanding osseointegration, have become one of the mostly widely used metallic materials in aerospace and biomedical fields. However, their relatively low plasticity, hardness, and wear resistance constrain further development and applications. Laser surface treatment (LST) technology, which enhances surface properties without altering the bulk material, has emerged as a beneficial approach to modify the surface of titanium alloys. The research advancements and current applications of LST in surface modification of titanium and its alloys were reviewed. The mechanisms, process parameters, surface characteristics, and microstructures of various LST methods were analyzed, including laser transformation hardening (LTH), laser surface remelting (LSR), laser shock peening (LSP), laser surface alloying (LSA), laser cladding (LC), and composite LST techniques. The applications of LST in aerospace and medical domains were also clarified, as well as existing limitations, future research directions, and insights into the developmental trends of LST for titanium and its alloy materials. The objective is to advance LST innovation and to pave new avenues for the application of titanium alloys in various sectors.