碳纳米纤维的气流纺丝制备及电磁屏蔽应用

设计了一种气流纺丝制备碳纳米纤维的工艺,以聚丙烯腈为原料纺制出纤维状前体,通过预氧化和高温退火,成功制备了碳纳米纤维。调整退火温度,制备了多种不同退火温度的碳纳米纤维。利用扫描电子显微镜等表征方法明确了几种碳纳米纤维的微观结构和特性,讨论了几种纤维的化学成分、连续度和石墨化程度等方面与电磁屏蔽效能的内在关联。经测量得出结论,当退火温度达到800℃时,碳纳米纤维具备约10dB的电磁屏蔽效能,能够实现电磁屏蔽效果。总的说来,气流纺丝制备碳纳米纤维的技术工艺在电磁屏蔽领域具有应用潜力,宏观规模的生产是未来该技术领域发展的关键。

Preparation of Carbon Nanofibers by Airflow Spinning and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Application

A process for the preparation of carbon nanofibers by air spinning is designed. First, the fibrous precursors are prepared from polyacrylonitrile, and the carbon nanofibers are successfully prepared by pre-oxidation and high temperature annealing. Then, a variety of carbon nanofibers are prepared by adjusting the annealing temperature. Next, the microstructure and properties of several kinds of carbon nanofibers are identified through a scanning electron microscope, and the internal relationship between the chemical composition, continuity, graphitization and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of several kinds of carbon nanofibers is discussed. It is concluded that when the annealing temperature reaches 800℃, the carbon nanofiber has the electromagnetic shielding interference effectiveness of about 10dB, which can achieve an electromagnetic shielding effect. Generally speaking, the technology of preparing carbon nanofibers by air spinning has the potential to be used in the field of electromagnetic shielding, and macro-scale production is the key to the development of this field in the future.