碳达峰与碳中和目标下PEM电解水制氢研究进展

氢能作为重要的能源载体，燃烧过程绿色无污染，能够助力碳达峰和碳中和目标实现。本文通过对比化石能源制氢、工业副产气制氢、电解水制氢等方式，分析各制氢方式的优缺点，阐述了质子交换膜（PEM）电解水制氢与可再生能源结合的重要意义。之后从PEM电解槽内部结构和可再生能源电解水制氢两个方面展开综述，详细介绍了PEM电解槽双极板、催化剂、扩散层、质子交换膜研究进展、存在的主要问题和未来发展方向。文中通过分析我国太阳能、风能分布特征，总结可再生能源利用存在的问题，从研究现状和产业发展的角度介绍了太阳能制氢、风电制氢、可再生能源多能互补制氢的发展。最后对可再生能源PEM电解水制氢的未来发展方向进行了展望，期望为可再生能源PEM电解水制氢的发展提供借鉴和参考。

Researching progress of hydrogen production by PEM water electrolysis under the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality

As an important energy carrier, hydrogen energy boasts a green and pollution-free combustion process, which can help achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. This paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of each hydrogen production method by comparing hydrogen production methods such as fossil energy hydrogen production, industrial by-product gas hydrogen production, and water electrolysis hydrogen production, and explains the significance of combining PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production with renewable energy. It then describes the internal structure of PEM electrolyzers and hydrogen production from renewable energy sources, and introduces research progress, main problems and future development trends of PEM electrolyzer bipolar plates, catalysts, diffusion layers, and proton exchange membranes in detail. By analyzing the distribution characteristics of solar energy and wind energy in China, and summarizing the existing problems in the utilization of renewable energy, the development of solar hydrogen production, wind power hydrogen production, and renewable energy multi-energy complementary hydrogen production is introduced from the perspective of research status and industrial development. Finally, the future development direction of renewable energy PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production is prospected, and it is expected to provide reference for the development of renewable energy PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production.