吸附法碳捕集固体胺吸附剂成型技术研究进展

吸附法碳捕集技术是实现工业过程或大气中CO₂分离与脱除的重要途径之一，高性能吸附剂的开发是该技术的关键。固体胺吸附剂由于其优异的CO₂吸附量、选择性以及较低的再生能耗，近年来受到了广泛的关注，但用于工业的成型吸附剂仍面临机械强度低、稳定性差和胺流失严重等关键难题，难以在工业中大范围的推广应用。本文分析了固体胺成型吸附剂制备面临的主要难题，重点总结了近年来国内外吸附剂成型技术的研发进展，并对固体胺工业吸附剂的发展方向进行了展望。未来固体胺吸附法碳捕集技术的研发重点在于立足吸附反应机理和工业烟气的特性，创新成型固体胺吸附剂制备技术，提升吸附剂的CO₂吸附量、胺效率、机械与循环稳定性，研发低能耗的配套吸附工艺和核心装置。

Research progress on the shaping technology of solid amine adsorbents for CO2 capture by adsorption method

Adsorption method for CO₂ capture is an important approach to achieve CO₂ separation and removal from industrial process or atmosphere, and the development of high-performance adsorbents is the key for CO₂ capture technology. In recent years, solid amine adsorbents (SAAs) have attracted much attention due to their excellent CO₂ capture ability, high selectivity and low energy consumption. However, the shaped SAAs for industrial applications still face key problems, such as low mechanical strength, poor stability and serious amine loss, which hinder the large-scale applications in industry. In this paper, the key issues in the preparation of shaped SAAs are first analyzed. Emphatically, the research progress of shaping technologies at home and abroad is presented in recent years. The development direction of integral industrial CO₂ adsorbents is also prospected. Based on the adsorption reaction mechanism and the characteristics of industrial flue gas, the innovation of the shaping technology for industrial SAAs preparation, improvement of the CO₂ adsorption capacity, amine efficiency, mechanical and cyclic stability, and development of processes and related devices with low energy consumption are the future research directions of SAAs adsorption method for CO₂ capture technology.