二维层状双金属氢氧化物在去除磷酸盐中的应用

层状双金属氢氧化物（LDH）是磷酸盐去除的良好吸附剂，具有表面易改性、电荷可调、层间距可控、吸附能力强和吸附速度快的特点，能够有效解决水体富营养化问题。本文从LDH除磷性能的优化出发，综述了LDH的结构特征、除磷机理、制备方法、剥离方法的前沿理论和应用案例；基于目前LDH用作磷酸盐吸附剂面临着易团聚、胶体溶液不稳定、性能受控于pH以及难回收等问题，分析了磁性LDH、生物炭/LDH、GO(rGO)/LDH等复合材料的复合方法和性能改进方案，指出了LDH复合改性和LDH膜材料的研究新趋势，以及主要研究重点与热点。希望本文能够为LDH在水处理领域的研究提供新思路，为深入优化LDH吸附和膜分离性能提供理论支持和方向引导。

Layered double hydroxide (LDH) for phosphate removal

Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is an excellent adsorbent for the removal of phosphate anions, which is featured by easy modification, adjustable surface charge, layer spacing controlling, strong adsorption capacity and fast adsorption rate, showing effectiveness to address the issues of eutrophication of water bodies. Proceeding from optimization of phosphate removal properties, this review summarizes the LDH structural features, adsorption mechanism, the frontier theories of the delamination and some application cases. Some challenges are pointed out including the easy aggregation, unstable colloidal solution, performance controlled by pH, as well as the difficulty to recycle LDH as the anion adsorbent. To solve these problems, some composite method and improving scheme for magnetic LDH, biochar/GO, GO(rGO)/LDH copositive materials are analyzed. LDH composite modification and LDH membrane materials are proposed as the new research trend and hot study. It is hopeful that this review can provide some new ideas for new researchers to begin their work in this area using LDH for applications in water treatment. Theoretically, it is general guidelines for the adsorption of phosphate anions on LDH and membrane separation performance.