足弓部特征在性别与鞋码下的差异研究

利用三维足型扫描仪采集足弓数据,探讨不同性别与鞋码在足弓部尺寸的差异并建立一套足弓支撑功能鞋垫的设计参考原则。为了解足弓区域特征,对中国500位(男女各半)成年受试者进行足型扫描及数据采集,并使用足弓长、足弓深和足弓高表现足弓的形状,计算第一跖骨接地点、舟状骨和足弓轮廓内凹点的位置在足长中所占比例来定位足弓。结果指出,不同性别在足弓长、足弓高、舟状骨位置比例、足弓轮廓内凹位置比例有显著差异(p<0.01),但在足弓深、第一跖骨接地点位置比例无显著差异(p>0.05)。此外,研究以鞋码为分类依据对比各鞋码下的足弓特征差异,结果显示,男性和女性的足弓长随鞋码增大而递增,而男性的足弓深随鞋码增大而递减。因此,如今使用等比缩放方式制作男女足弓垫的做法有待改进,应分别根据男性和女性使用者的鞋码大小提出不同的足弓垫设计。最后,提出一套不同鞋码下的足弓尺寸制造规格表,为足弓支撑功能鞋垫的设计提供参考,以提升鞋垫的舒适性与足弓区的合脚程度。

Investigation of Arch Characteristics under Different Genders and Shoe Sizes

The objective of this study was to collect the arch characteristics by 3 D foot scanner to evaluate the gender and shoe size differences,in order to provide manufacturing standards for design of arch support.Five hundred adult subjects(half of females)were recruited in this study.Arch length,arch depth and arch height were used to determine the arch shape,while distance of navicular(%FL),distance of metatarsle tibiale(%FL)and distance of the most medial point of medial border line(%FL)were used to locate the arch position.Results showed that gender difference was significant in arch length,arch height,distance of navicular and distance of the most medial point of medial border line(p<0.01),except for arch depth and distance of the first metatarsal(p>0.05).In addition,this study compared the arch characteristics under different shoes sizes.Results found that arch length would increase with shoe size for both gender,but arch depth would decrease with shoe size only for males.Therefore,the practice of making arch support for men and women by equal ratio scaling method needs to be improved.It is necessary to design the arch support based on arch dimensions for males and females separately.Finally,this study also proposed standards of arch support design of insole to improve the user’s comfort and fitness.