角蛋白提取方法进展及提取技术应用选择建议

角蛋白多存在于动物毛发中,是一种胱氨酸含量高,结构稳定,具有良好生物学性能的可再生资源。本文在简要介绍角蛋白的结构与性质的基础上,从原理、条件、提取率、角蛋白相对分子质量、应用现状等方面,详细综述了酸碱法、还原法、氧化法、酶解法、离子液体辅助法、金属盐辅助法、铜氨溶液辅助法等角蛋白提取技术,并对比分析了各种方法优缺点,所提取角蛋白的相对分子质量、巯基含量等特性及其潜在应用方向。最后,对角蛋白提取技术的发展趋势、如何依据应用领域需求选择合适的提取技术进行了展望。

Progress in Keratin Extraction Methods and Suggestions on Selection of Extraction Techniques for Application

Keratin is a kind of renewable protein with high cystine content, stable structure and appropriate biological performance, which mostly exists in animal hair. This paper briefly introduced the structure and properties of keratin at first, and then summarized in detail the extraction technologies of keratin such as acid-base method, reduction method,oxidation method, enzymatic hydrolysis method, and ionic liquid assisted-, metal salt assisted-, and copper ammonia solution assisted method. The aspects of principle, conditions, extraction yield, keratin molecular weight, application status, etc., have been formed. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods, the molecular weight, sulfhydryl content and other characteristics of the extracted keratin and its potential application direction also have been compared and discussed. Finally, the development trend of keratin extraction technology and how to select suitable extraction technology according to the needs of application fields are prospected.