Validation of a 3D multiphase-multicomponent CFD model for accidental liquid and gaseous hydrogen releases |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre de Recherche Paris-Saclay, Air Liquide Research & Development, 1, chemin de la Porte des Loges, Les Loges-en-Josas – BP 126, 78354 Jouy-en-Josas, France;2. Fluidyn, 7 Boulevard de la Libération, 93200 Saint-Denis, France;3. APSYS, 37 Ave Normandie Niemen, 31700 Blagnac, France;4. CEA, DEN, DANS/DM2S/STMF/LATF, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France;5. ODZ Consultants, 174 Avenue Jean Jaurès, 69007 Lyon, France;1. Environmental Research Laboratory, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, 15341, Greece;2. Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9052, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA;1. Environmental Research Laboratory, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341, Greece;2. HySAFER Centre, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK;3. Health and Safety Executive, Harpur Hill, Buxton, SK17 9JN, UK;4. Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, Karlsruhe, Germany;5. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), IET, Westerduinweg 3, 1755 LE, Petten, Netherlands;6. Element Energy Limited, Station Road 20, Cambridge, United Kingdom;7. Areva Stockage D''Energie SAS, Batiment Jules Verne, Domaine Du Petit Arbois, Aix-en-Provence, France |
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| Abstract: | As hydrogen-air mixtures are flammable in a wide range of concentrations and the minimum ignition energy is low compared to hydrocarbon fuels, the safe handling of hydrogen is of utmost importance. Additional hazards may arise with the accidental spill of liquid hydrogen. Such a release of LH2 leads to a formation of a cryogenic pool, a dynamic vaporization process, and consequently a dispersion of gaseous hydrogen into the environment. Several LH2 release experiments as well as modeling approaches address this phenomenology. In contrast to existing approaches a new CFD model capable of simulating liquid and gaseous distribution was developed at Forschungszentrum Jülich. It is validated against existing experiments and yields no substantial lacks in the physical model and reveals a qualitatively consistent prediction. Nevertheless, the deviation between experiment and simulation raises questions on the completeness of the database, in particular with regard to the boundary conditions and available measurements. |
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| Keywords: | CFD Liquid hydrogen release Gaseous hydrogen distribution Multicomponent-multiphase model VOF Validation |
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