Thermodynamics analysis of hydrogen storage based on compressed gaseous hydrogen,liquid hydrogen and cryo-compressed hydrogen |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;1. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan;2. Iwatani Corporation, Japan;1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;2. Institut de recherche sur l''hydrogène, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada;3. Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94551, USA;1. School of Automotive Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing Automotive Collaborative Innovation Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China;2. Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co. Ltd., Yutong Industrial Park, Yutong Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450061, China;3. RAPSODEE, UMR CNRS 5302, IMT Mines-Albi, Campus Jarlard, 81013 Albi, CT Cedex 09, France;4. Beijing PERIC Hydrogen Technologies Co. Ltd, Qingnian Road, Damei Center, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100123, China;1. Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA;2. Strategic Analysis, Inc., 4075 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 200, Arlington, VA, 22203, USA |
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| Abstract: | Safe, reliable, and economic hydrogen storage is a bottleneck for large-scale hydrogen utilization. In this paper, hydrogen storage methods based on the ambient temperature compressed gaseous hydrogen (CGH2), liquid hydrogen (LH2) and cryo-compressed hydrogen (CcH2) are analyzed. There exists the optimal states, defined by temperature and pressure, for hydrogen storage in CcH2 method. The ratio of the hydrogen density obtained to the electrical energy consumed exhibits a maximum value at the pressures above 15 MPa. The electrical energy consumed consists of compression and cooling down processes from 0.1 MPa at 300 K to the optimal states. The recommended parameters for hydrogen storage are at 35–110 K and 5–70 MPa regardless of ortho-to parahydrogen conversion. The corresponding hydrogen density at the optimal states range from 60.0 to 71.5 kg m?3 and the ratio of the hydrogen density obtained to the electrical energy consumed ranges from 1.50 to 2.30 kg m?3 kW?1. While the ortho-to para-hydrogen conversion is considered, the optimal states move to a slightly higher temperatures comparing to calculations without ortho-to para-hydrogen conversion. |
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| Keywords: | Hydrogen storage Power consumption |
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