Supercritical water gasification of wastewater sludge for hydrogen production |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Blue Nile, Al-Dmazin, Sudan;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Arch. and Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey;1. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan;2. Original affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia;1. Chemical Engineering Department, University of Usak, Usak, Turkey;2. Chemical Engineering Department, Ege University, ?zmir, Turkey;1. College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China;2. National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, PR China;3. Environmental Policy and Standard Research Department, Environmental Science Research and Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, PR China;1. Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Energy Engineering, Rosana, SP, Brazil;2. State University of Maringá, Department of Chemical Engineering, Maringá, PR, Brazil;3. Centro Universitario da Fundaçao de Ensino Octavio Bastos (UNIFEOB), Research Center, São João da Boa Vista, SP, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The use of hydrogen as clean fuel gas in the power generation sector becomes essential to reduce the environmental issues related to conventional fuel usage. By avoiding biomass drying process, supercritical water gasification is considered the most efficient technology in hydrogen production from wastewater sludge. Wastewater sludge is difficult to disposal in its received form since it is often produced with high moisture content, contribute to numerous environmental issues and direct contact with this waste can result in health concerns. The assessment of the treatment and conversion of this material into fuel gas at condition beyond supercritical state (374°C and 22.1 MPa) is required. This paper is discussed the degradation routes of wastewater sludge in supercritical water. Furthermore, it is reviewed the influence of the main operation parameters role in the hydrogen production, which includes reaction temperature, pressure, residence time, feed concentration and catalysts. The development in reactor design and setup for maximum hydrogen production is highlighted. The technical challenges encountered during the conversion process and its solutions are also discussed. In addition, future prospective to optimal and standardization of the supercritical water gasification process is reviewed. |
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| Keywords: | Supercritical water gasification Biomass Wastewater sludge Syngas Hydrogen Operation parameters |
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