海水抽水蓄能与海上光伏一体化发电技术及经济性分析

  目的  广东省目前暂未对海水抽水蓄能和海上光伏一体化进行研究。由于广东省具有漫长的海岸线，具备了海上光伏开发的基本条件，也具备了利用大海作为抽水蓄能下库的近海的海水抽水蓄能开发的基本条件，并随着国内对海水抽水蓄能难题的研究和关键技术的突破，因此，对海上光伏和海水抽水蓄能的一体化进行研究和探索很有必要。  方法  基于光伏工程的实践，给出了独立的光伏电站技术配置，并通过软件模拟光伏电站，对独立的光伏电站经济性作了测算；也基于抽水蓄能工程中的实践，给出了独立的抽水蓄能电站的原则性技术配置，对独立的抽水蓄能电站的经济性作了测算；对海上光伏与海水抽水蓄能一体化组合考虑后，通过经济评价软件对海水抽水蓄能与海上光伏一体化项目的经济性作了测算。  结果  得出了海水抽蓄与海上光伏一体化项目的原则性技术配置，及在不同容量配置下的经济性。  结论  在广东省开展海上光伏和海水抽蓄一体化是基于现实条件下的一个较好的选择，这种一体化通过海上光伏配置一定容量海水抽水蓄能较好地解决了光伏电源的不均衡性和不稳定性，在经济性上也具备一定的可行性，也利于“3060双碳目标”的实现，它更多地将电源投资、建设和运营交由电力市场参与主体决策和负责，当一体化项目实现正向收益并达到一定的投资回报率时，将极大地推动一体化项目落地和上规模。

Analysis of Power Generation Technology and Economy on the Integration of Seawater Pump & Storage and Offshore PV

  Introduction  There is no study on the integration of the seawater pump-storage and offshore PV at present time in Guangdong Province. The basic conditions are available for the development of offshore PV and seawater pump-storage near sea shore while the sea can be used as the lower reservoir. So it is necessary to study and explore the integration of offshore PV and seawater pump-storage given that studies are done for the difficulties of seawater pump-storage and the development on the key technologies.   Method  The technical configuration was presented for the independent PV power station based on the past experience from PV projects. Software was used to simulate the PV power station. And an evaluation on economic performance was done for the independent PV power station. The technical configuration was presented for the independent seawater pump-storage power station based on the past experience from pump-storage projects. And an evaluation on economic performance was done for the seawater pump-storage power station. After consideration of the integration of offshore PV and seawater pump storage, the evaluation on economic performance for the integration of pump-storage & PV project was also made.   Result  The principle technical configuration is provided for the PV & pump-storage integration project. The economic performance with different capacity percentage for the pump-storage & PV integration project is evaluated.   Conclusion  The integration of PV & pump-storage in Guangdong Province area is a relatively feasible choice based on the actual conditions. This method can solve the unbalance and instability of PV power source with a certain capacity of pump-storage. And it also has a certain economic feasibility. This will be conducive to the "3060 Dual Carbon Goals", and provide market players access to invest in, build and operate power source projects. When the integration project reaches a positive income and a certain investment return rate, it will greatly promote the implementation and scale up of other integration projects.