Catalytic supercritical water gasification of aqueous phase directly derived from microalgae hydrothermal liquefaction |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China;2. Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210036, China;3. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shanxi Province, 710049, PR China;1. Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu 400-8511, Japan;2. Center for Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia;1. Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;2. Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;1. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;2. Heibei Key Laboratory of Air Pollution Cause and Impact (Preparatory), College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, PR China;3. CanmetMATERIALS, Natural Resources Canada, Hamilton, ON L8P 0A5, Canada;1. Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States;1. Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States |
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| Abstract: | Microalgae (N. chlorella) hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was conducted at 320 °C for 30 min to directly obtain original aqueous phase with a solvent-free separation method, and then the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) experiments of the aqueous phase were performed at 450 and 500 °C for 10 min with different catalysts (i.e., Pt-Pd/C, Ru/C, Pd/C, Na2CO3 and NaOH). The results show that increasing temperature from 450 to 500 °C could improve H2 yield and TGE (total gasification efficiency), CGE (carbon gasification efficiency), HGE (hydrogen gasification efficiency), TOC (total organic carbon) removal efficiency and tar removal efficiency. The catalytic activity order in improving the H2 yield was NaOH > Na2CO3 > None > Pd/C > Pt-Pd/C > Ru/C. Ru/C produced the highest CH4 mole fraction, TGE, CGE, TOC removal efficiency and tar removal efficiency, while NaOH led to the highest H2 mole fraction, H2 yield and HGE at 500 °C. Increasing temperature and adding proper catalyst could remarkably improve the SCWG process above, but some N-containing compounds were difficult to be gasified. This information is valuable for guiding the treatment of the aqueous phase derived from microalgae HTL. |
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| Keywords: | Supercritical water gasification Hydrothermal liquefaction Microalgae Aqueous phase Hydrogen Catalyst |
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