Recent advances in non-metals-doped TiO2 nanostructured photocatalysts for visible-light driven hydrogen production,CO2 reduction and air purification |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Siddaganga Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Tumakuru, 572103, India;2. Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Thailand;3. School of Basic Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore 562 112, Karnataka, India;4. The School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;1. Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland;2. Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Szewalski Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Science, Fiszera 14, Gdańsk 80-231, Poland;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China;2. Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;3. Mechanical Engineering Department, Ho Polytechnic, P.O. Box HP 217, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana;1. Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Niroo Research Institute, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea;2. School of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | The generation of hydrogen and oxygen from the photocatalytic water splitting reaction under visible light is a promisingly renewable and clean source for H2 fuel. The transition metal oxide semiconductors (e.g. TiO2, WO3, ZnO, and ZrO2) are have been widely used as photocatalysts for the hydrogen generation. Because of safety, low cost, chemical inertness, photostability and other characteristics (bandgap, corrosion resistance, thermal and environmental stability), TiO2 is considered as a most potential catalyst of the semiconductors being investigated and developed. However, the extensive applications of TiO2 are hampered by its inability to exploit the solar energy of visible region. Other demerits are lesser absorbance under visible light, and recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. In this review, we focus on the all the possible reactions taking place at the catalyst during photo-induced H2 from water splitting reaction, which is green and promising technology. Various parameter affecting the photocatalytic water splitting reactions are also studied. Predominantly, this review is focussed on bandgap engineering of TiO2 such as the upward shift of valence band and downward shift of conduction bands by doping process to extend its light absorption property into the visible region. Furthermore, the recent advances in this direction including various new strategies of synthesis, multiple doping, hetero-junction, functionalization, perspective and future opportunities of non-metals-doped TiO2-based nanostructured photocatalysts for various photocatalytic applications such as efficient hydrogen production, air purification and CO2 reduction to valuable chemicals have been discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Metal and non-metal dopants Bandgap engineering Hydrogen production Photocatalytic air purification |
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