A new insight into Au/TiO2-catalyzed hydrogen production from water-methanol mixture using lamps containing simultaneous ultraviolet and visible radiation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;2. Institute of Chemistry of Poitiers, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, 86073, France;3. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China;2. College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China;3. Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith School of Environment, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia;1. Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China;2. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam;3. Faculty of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam;4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Green Manufacturing Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;5. Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;6. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;7. School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan (HP) 173229, India;8. Faculty of Biotechnology, Binh Duong University, Thu Dau Mot, Vietnam;9. School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;1. Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, P.O. Box 15003, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;2. Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, P.O. Box 15051, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;3. Faculdade de Física, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Avenida Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;2. Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;1. School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China;2. School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Different amounts of Au NPs were deposited on a modified-TiO2 using the deposition-precipitation method with urea and used for hydrogen production via water splitting at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Methanol and simultaneous UV and visible radiation were used as sacrificial reagent and excitation sources, respectively. Both modified-support and photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, HRTEM or STEM-HAADF, FE-SEM-EDS, N2 physisorption and UV–vis DRS. The emission spectra of the excitation sources were also obtained by spectrofluorometry. XRD, HRTEM and UV–vis DRS results showed that TiO2 anatase was the predominant crystalline phase, with a relative high specific surface area. STEM-HAADF and FE-SEM-EDS techniques revealed that the average Au NPs size was increased with Au loading from 3.2 to 14.9 nm and that the estimated Au contents were close to the expected theoretical values. On the other hand, the photo-generated hydrogen was significantly increased with Au NPs incorporation and it could be associated to a slightly decrease of the energy band gap and the intrinsic localized surface plasmon resonance that can suppress the high rate of electron-hole pair recombination. The photocatalytic performance also depended on multiples experimental factors, such as: stirring speed, amount and size of Au NPs, as well as the radiation source. The highest hydrogen production rate (2336 μmol-H2/gcat⋅h) was obtained using the Au/TiO2 photocatalyst with 0.5 wt% Au, a stirring speed of 800 rpm and purple lamp (13 W) simultaneously emitting UV (52%) and visible (48%) radiation. |
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| Keywords: | Hydrogen production Photocatalysis Water splitting |
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