山区湍流特征及其对风力机功率的影响

为研究山地地形大气湍流关键特征参数的变化规律及其对风力机功率的影响，以云南某山地风电场山脊处一大型风力发电机组为研究对象，采用遥感技术研究风力机来流的风速、风向、湍流强度、湍动能和湍流耗散率的分布特征，并分析上述参数对机组功率的影响。结果表明：山地地形中来流参数昼夜特征明显；在垂直于来流方向，地形的影响区域集中在距离地面79 m的范围内，湍动能与湍流耗散率在垂直方向成反比；风速与湍流耗散率具有良好的正相关性；来流特征参数在不同风速区间对风力机功率的影响存在较大差异，湍动能对风力机功率的影响程度最低，为1.49%，但湍流强度对风力机功率的影响程度高达4%。

Characteristics of Turbulence in Mountainous Areas and Its Effect on thePower of Wind Turbines

In order to investigate the variation law of key characteristic parameters of atmospheric turbulence in mountainous terrain and its influence on wind turbine power, a large wind turbine at the ridge of a mountain wind farm in Yunnan Province was used as the research object. Remote sensing techniques were employed. The distribution characteristics of wind speed, wind direction, turbulence intensity, turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation rate of the incoming wind turbine flow were studied and the influence of the above parameters on the unit power was analyzed. The results indicate that the diurnal characteristics of the incoming flow parameters in mountainous terrain are obvious. In the vertical direction of the incoming flow, the influence area of the terrain is concentrated in the range of 79 m from the ground, and the turbulent kinetic energy is inversely proportional to the turbulent dissipation rate in the vertical direction. In mountainous terrain, the wind speed has a good positive correlation with the turbulent dissipation rate. The influence of the incoming flow characteristics on the wind turbine power varies greatly in different wind speed zones and the turbulent kinetic energy. The effect of turbulent energy on wind turbine power is 1.49%, but the effect of turbulence intensity on wind turbine power is as high as 4%.