Oxidation-induced degradation and performance fluctuation of solid oxide fuel cell Ni anodes under simulated high fuel utilization conditions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Engineering (Hydrogen Energy Systems), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;2. Center for Co-Evolutional Social Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;3. International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;4. Next-Generation Fuel Cell Research Center (NEXT-FC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;5. Platform of Inter/Transdisciplinary Energy Research (Q-PIT), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;6. International Research Center for Hydrogen Energy, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;1. Univ. Grenoble Alpes/CEA, LITEN, F-38054 Grenoble, France;2. ESRF, 6 rue Jules Horowitz BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, France;3. Univ. Grenoble Alpes/CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France;1. Kyoto University, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Kyoto, Japan;2. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, Krakow, Poland;1. Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;2. International Research Center for Hydrogen Energy, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;3. International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;4. Next-Generation Fuel Cell Research Center (NEXT-FC), Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;1. Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Advanced Energy Technology, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | High fuel utilization (Uf) conditions in a small-scale electrolyte-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with an Ni-ScSZ anode were approximated by adjusting the gas composition to correspond to that in the downstream region of an SOFC stack. At Uf = 80%, and with a cell voltage of 0.5 V, the ohmic resistance fluctuated slightly from the early stages of operation, and became much more significant after 80 h. High current density and large polarization were found to promote Ni agglomeration, leading to insufficient connectivity of the Ni nanoparticles. At Uf = 95%, and with a cell voltage of 0.6 V, fluctuations in the polarization were observed at a much earlier stage, which are attributed to the highly humidified fuel. In particular, significant degradation was observed when the compensated anode potential (which incorporates the anode ohmic losses) approached the Ni oxidation potential. Ohmic losses in the anode are considered to influence Ni oxidation by exposing Ni near the electrolyte to a more oxidizing atmosphere with the increase in oxygen ion transport. Stable operation is therefore possible under conditions in which the compensated anode potential does not approach the Ni oxidation potential, assuming a stable interconnected Ni network. |
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| Keywords: | Fuel cell Solid oxide Anode Nickel Degradation |
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