Numerical modeling of an automotive derivative polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell cogeneration system with selective membranes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. DEIM Department of Economics, Engineering, Society and Business Administration, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;2. SINTEF Industry, P.O. Box 124 Blindern, N-0314, Oslo, Norway;1. Key Laboratory on Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China;2. School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China;3. Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes, Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry (RAS), Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia;4. Laboratory of Materials and Devices for Electrochemical Power Industry, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia;5. Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, Pedion Areos, Volos 38334, Greece;1. Center for Sustainable Future Technologies @PoliTo, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy;2. Department of Applied Science and Technology - DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;3. Department of Electronics and Telecommunications - DET, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;1. e-Bio Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy;2. Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044, Dalmine (BG), Italy;3. Sezione Materiali per Applicazioni Meccaniche, Dipartimento di Meccanica, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, 20156, Milano, Italy;4. Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milano, Italy;5. RSE, Ricerca Sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A., Via Rubattino 54, 20100, Milano, Italy;1. Center for Sustainable Future Technologies (CSFT)@Polito, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Environment Park, Building B2 Via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy;2. Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;3. IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37, 43124 Parma, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Cogeneration power plants based on fuel cells are a promising technology to produce electric and thermal energy with reduced costs and environmental impact. The most mature fuel cell technology for this kind of applications are polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, which require high-purity hydrogen.The most common and least expensive way to produce hydrogen within today's energy infrastructure is steam reforming of natural gas. Such a process produces a syngas rich in hydrogen that has to be purified to be properly used in low temperature fuel cells. However, the hydrogen production and purification processes strongly affect the performance, the cost, and the complexity of the energy system.Purification is usually performed through pressure swing adsorption, which is a semi-batch process that increases the plant complexity and incorporates a substantial efficiency penalty. A promising alternative option for hydrogen purification is the use of selective metal membranes that can be integrated in the reactors of the fuel processing plant. Such a membrane separation may improve the thermo-chemical performance of the energy system, while reducing the power plant complexity, and potentially its cost. Herein, we perform a technical analysis, through thermo-chemical models, to evaluate the integration of Pd-based H2-selective membranes in different sections of the fuel processing plant: (i) steam reforming reactor, (ii) water gas shift reactor, (iii) at the outlet of the fuel processor as a separator device. The results show that a drastic fuel processing plant simplification is achievable by integrating the Pd-membranes in the water gas shift and reforming reactors. Moreover, the natural gas reforming membrane reactor yields significant efficiency improvements. |
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| Keywords: | CHP Fuel cell Hydrogen Membrane reactor |
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