提高电镀金刚石钻头保径能力的几种方法

在我国，电镀方法生产金刚石钻头已有近40年的历史。电镀方法生产金刚石钻头是在室温下进行，对金刚石没有任何热损伤；镍基合金胎体性能优良，对岩石有较广泛的适应性。但是，电镀金刚石钻头的保径效果差，特别是钻进硬、脆、碎岩石和钻进强研磨性岩石时尤其明显。本文分析比较了提高电镀金刚石钻头保径效果的几种新工艺包括双锥形工作面钻头、螺旋形水槽和半底喷式结构、聚晶保径规保径钻头、内外径和底唇面分开电镀法钻头、跟模电镀法钻头、镍钴锰合金胎体金刚石钻头，并给出了电镀镍钴锰合金金刚石钻头的电镀液配方及工艺参数。通过试验得出采用方柱状聚晶保径或采用镍钴锰合金胎体，电镀金刚石钻头的保径效果好，钻头寿命可提高30％以上。

SEVERAL METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE RADIUS RETENTION ABILITY OF DIAMOND ELECTROPLATED DRILL BIT

The 40 years history of manufacturing diamond bits by electroplating has been seen in our country There are good drilling properties in drilling rocks by electroplated diamond bit because room temperature of producing them is no harm to diamond and Nickel base matrix has excellent mechanical properties But the electroplated diamond bit has poor ability in the bit gauge, especially in drilling hard, brittle and fractured rocks. In this paper, the new manufacturing technics including the bits with the double tapered working surface, the spiral water slots and semi bottom spurt, protecting diameter by polycrystalline diamond gauge, electroplating inner and outer cylindrical surface and electroplating lip surface separately, electroplating by moving the dies and electroplating Nickel Cobalt Manganese alloy matrix to improve the ability of protecting gauge of electroplated diamond bit, which help to enlarge the drilling scope of electroplated diamond bits and promote their developoment, are analyzed and compared. Lab and field test show that the service life of electroplated diamond bit of Nickel Cobalt Manganese alloy matrix, whose diameter is protected by polycrystalline diamond, will be improved by 30%.