西部生态脆弱区现代煤-水仿生共采理念与关键技术

针对西部生态脆弱矿区富煤贫水特征和原生态保护要求,建立集开采和生态保护为一体的"现代开采生态系统";基于采前地下水及地表生态的稳定性关系或生态"原态"约束,提出煤水资源开发中的"煤-水仿生共采"理念、煤炭开采与水资源开发及地表生态保护同步的"煤-水仿生共采"模式;按照"隔离-导流-控制"的仿生共采新思路、提出"隔离层控制"原理和开采"地下水漏斗聚集"调控效应;构建了集分区设计、隔离重构、仿生控制为核心的煤-水仿生共采保护控制关键技术体系;开发了"压裂-开采-注浆"开采隔离保护工艺、地下水汇集调控关键技术。

Study on the bionic coal & water co-mining idea and key technological system in the ecological fragile region of west China

The fragile ecological setting is a challenge for large scale coal mining in west China,where is a coal-rich and water-poor area.The study constructs a “mining eco-system”,integrated coal mining & groundwater & ecology protection,from eco-perspective.Based on the original eco-system constraint,it proposes a protection concept of “bionic coal & water co-mining” and the coordinated mode of coal-mining and groundwater exploitation and ecological protection；Following new roadmap including “isolation-diversion-control”technology,the “isolation-layer control” mechanism and “the groundwater funnel aggregation” effect are discussed.The bionic coal-water co-mining technology system has been set,which contains the partite-area design,reconstruction by isolation method and bionic-controlling.And the key technologies have been developed,involving layer fracturing-working face mining-layer grouting method and groundwater collection & management.The bionic control concept and roadmap of coal-water co-mining,as a green-mining solution,will be helpful to improve the ecological productivity for the ecological fragile areas of western China.