墨西哥小型灌区的改造经验

在墨西哥,有3.9万多个被称为灌溉单元的小型灌区,大体上,这些灌区都面临着用水户组织困难,灌区管理、运行落后,灌区保存、维持困难等问题.墨西哥政府通过国家水利委员会,采取了基于鼓励用水户组成有限责任公司的民间协会的措施.这些协会是基于联合投资基金资助的两个项目成立的,而在联合投资基金中,民间投资不能超过总投资的50%.这两个项目分别是水电高效利用和农业水利设施充分利用.基于组成用水协会及其与基础设施的恢复、续建和相关技术的联合应用的墨西哥灌区改造,是促进小型灌区可持续发展的可行途径.

Modernization of small-scale irrigation systems: the Mexican experience

In Mexico, there are 39,492 small-scale irrigation systems known as Irrigation Units (IU). In general, IU's face backwardness and difficulties in terms of organization of water users, as well as in terms of management, operation and preservation of the irrigation systems they use. The Mexican Government, through the means of the National Water Commission (CNA), is applying a strategy based upon the encouragement to encourage that water users are organized in civil associations grouped into Limited Responsibility Corporations. These organizations are constituted on the basis of two programs that work under a joint financing scheme that rely on the participation of users up to a 50% of investment.The two programs include the efficient use of waterpower and the full use of the hydro-agricultural infrastructure. The modernization strategy of IU's in Mexico, based upon the organization of water users and linked with the actions of rehabilitation, equipping and technification of infrastructure could be a viable option to promote the sustainable development of small irrigation systems.