凉山会理植烟土壤微量元素特征及其影响因素

为明确凉山会理植烟区的土壤养分特征,采用地统计学与GIS 相结合的方法,研究了四川重点烟区会理县植烟土壤微量元素有效态含量状况、空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明:微量元素铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)有效态含量丰富;锌(Zn)和钼(Mo)处于中等水平;硼(B)有效态含量仅为0.26 mg/kg,普遍缺乏。土壤Fe 和Mo 的最佳模型为指数模型,Mn、Cu、Zn 和B 为球状模型,块金系数在0.500～0.695 之间,均属中等程度空间变异,表明微量元素受结构因素和随机因素的共同影响。从空间分布图分析,有50.7%的植烟土壤有效B 含量处于极低水平,特别在木古乡、海潮乡应重视B 肥的补充。有效Zn 具有较强的空间自相关性,仅有1/3 土壤样品有效Zn 含量大于1 mg/kg,整个区域存在潜在缺锌现象。土壤中有效Fe 和Cu 含量丰富,但仍有6.9%和2.2%的样品处于较低水平,主要分布于爱民乡和鹿厂镇。 

Microelement Characteristics of Tobacco Planting Soil in Huili,Liangshan and Influencing Factors Thereof

For clarifying the nutrient characteristics of tobacco planting soil in Huili, a major tobacco planting county in Sichuan, the available contents and spatial distribution characteristics of microelements in tobacco planting soil in Huili and their influencing factors were analyzed by combining geostatistics with GIS method. The results showed that the soil contained rich available Fe, Mn, Cu and moderate Zn and Mo; while the available content of B was only 0.26 mg/kg, which was deficient in general. The optimal models for Fe and Mo in soil were exponential, for Mn, Cu, Zn and B in soil were spherical, the nugget coefficient ranged from 0.500 to 0.695, all belonged to medium spatial variability, it indicated that the microelements were affected by both structural and random factors. Viewing from spatial distribution charts, 50.7% of the soil contained available B at an extremely low level, especially in Muji Village and Haichao Village more attention should be paid to B supplement. The content of available Zn had strong spatial autocorrelation, only in 1/3 of the soil samples available Zn content was higher than 1 mg/kg, it implied that available Zn would become deficient in the whole area. The contents of available Fe and Cu were rich, but still 6.9% and 2.2% of samples were at a lower level, mainly in Aimin Village and Luchang Town.