金沙江中游库区水污染综合防治措施研究

本文选取TP、TN、COD_(Cr)、BOD_5四项水质指标,采用河流稳态水质模型对金沙江中游河段已建的六个梯级电站运行期库区水环境容量进行了估算,结合区域污染源状况和各产业发展规划年(2020)产业规模与排污量,对库区水质演变趋势进行了分析。结果表明:2020年部分库区COD_(Cr)排放量较高;排放量相比于环境容量,TP是造成水库水质污染的主要潜在污染物;随着流域内相关产业发展规划的逐步实施,库区水环境将面临较大压力。基于此,本文初步研究构建了由两大方案14项工程组成的库区水污染综合防治体系,提出近期金沙江中游河段库区水污染综合防治的重点目标和任务是建立流域库区水污染综合防治体制机制和开展流域水环境保护专项规划工作。

Study on comprehensive water pollution control measures for reservoir areas along mid-reach of Jinshajiang River

The reservoir water environmental capacities during the operation periods of 6 cascades hydropower stations along the mid-reach of Jinshajiang River are estimated herein with the steady water quality model by selecting， TP， TN， CODCr， BOD5 as four water quality indexes， while the water quality evolution trends of the reservoir areas are analyzed in accordance with both the regional pollution status and the industrial scales and pollution emissions in the development planning year（2020）of all the industries concerned. The result shows that the emission of CODCr is to be higher in the year of 2020. If the emission is compared with the environmental capacity， TP is the main potential pollutant to cause the water pollution in the reservoir areas. Following with the gradual implementations of the relevant industrial development plannings， larger pressure is to be faced by the reservoir water environment. On the basis of this， establishing a comprehensive system， consisting of two schemes with 14 projects， of water pollution control for the reservoir areas is preliminarily studied herein， and then it is proposed that the recent key objective and task for the comprehensive water pollution control of the reservoir areas along the mid-reach of Jinshajiang River are establishing the comprehensive reservoir water pollution control system and mechanism and making the specific planning for water environment protection of the river basin.