聚偏氟乙烯/有机累托土纳米复合超滤膜的制备、表征和性能研究

用溶液插层法制备了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/有机累托土(OREC)纳米复合超滤膜,研究了OREC含量对复合膜力学性能、表面粗糙度、微观形貌、结晶行为和亲水性的影响,并测定了复合膜的性能。结果表明:OREC的加入对复合膜微观形貌有重要影响,使膜的孔隙率从44.6%增加至71.3%;OREC的加入有利于PVDF中亲水性β相的生成,在其含量较高时能显著提高复合膜的表面粗糙度和表面亲水性,并能同时提高复合膜的纯水通量和蛋白截留率;刚性OREC片层的加入,能显著改善复合膜的力学性能,对弹性模量的增强尤为明显,可达纯PVDF膜的5.8倍。

Preparation, Characterization and Performance of PVDF/Organic Rectorite Nanocomposite Ultrafiltration Membrane

PVDF/organic rectorite(OREC) nanocomposite membranes were prepared by solution intercalation.The effects of OREC content on mechanical properties,surface roughness,microstructure,crystallization behavior and surface hydrophilicity of the composite membranes were discussed,and the properties of the composite membranes were also measured.The results show that the addition of OREC nanoparticles plays an important role in determining the composite membrane morphologies,which results in the increase of membrane porosity from 44.6% to 71.3%;the addition of OREC particles favors the formation of β phase in the process of PVDF crystallization;the addition of higher content of OREC increases the surface roughness and surface hydrophilicity of the composite membranes,which leads to significant improvement of membrane properties;furthermore,the mechanical properties of the composite membrane are improved dramatically,especially for the tensile modulus,the maximum of which is 5.8 times compared with that of pure PVDF membrane.