风电上网电价机制研究

随着能源与环境问题的日益突出,风力发电作为技术最成熟、最具开发条件和商业化前景的新发电方式越来越受到重视。目前国内风电发展仍停留在小规模发展或完全由政府投资的阶段,其中既有技术问题也有政策问题,而最核心的问题之一是风电上网电价的问题。风电上网电价的居高不下导致售电电价高于其他能源类型电价,进而导致风电利用率较低。从国内外风电上网电价机制入手,通过分析影响风电上网电价的自然、经济、技术、政策四个方面的风险因素,提出了基于风险的风电上网电价调整机制和激励电网风电消纳的风电上网补贴机制,并结合案例分析了新机制带来的电网公司、政府、风电厂商、用户各主体利益的变化,为合理制定风电上网电价机制提供了理论支持。

Wind power feed-in-tariff price of consumptive

With the energy and environmental issues becoming more prominent,wind power generation receives more and more attention as the most mature technology,development conditions and promising new commercial power generation.At present,wind power development is still at the small-scale development or the stage fully funded by government,there is not only technical issues but also policy issues,however,one of the most central issue is the issue of wind power feed-in-tariff price.Because of high wind power feed-in tariff,the sales price is higher than other types of energy,which led to the low utilization of wind power.In this paper,from domestic and international wind power feed-in tariff mechanism to start,by analyzing the impact four risk factors of wind power feed-in-tariff price,including natural,economic,technical and policy aspects,the risk-based wind power feed-in-tariff price adjustment mechanism and incentive wind power consumptive subsidy mechanism are both proposed,combined with case studies of the new mechanism,that brings change of power grid companies,governments,wind power companies and users the four main interests,it provides a theoretical support for the rational development of wind power feed-in-tariff price mechanism.