Crack propagation and fatigue in zirconia-based composites |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain;2. Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany;1. Center of Advanced Manufacturing and Material Processing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Jalan Genting Kelang, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;1. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Engineering Ceramics Department, Jo?ef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia;1. Materials Science Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore 560017, India;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, India;1. Department of Restorative Sciences, Biomaterials Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, 1919 7th Ave S, SDB 604, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Engineering, Hoehn Engineering Building, HOEHN 115A, 1075 13th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294-4440, United States |
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| Abstract: | This paper reviews existing published studies on crack propagation behavior of zirconia-based composites. The first part of the paper is concerned with slow crack growth (SCG) under static loading. SCG in zirconia ceramics is shown to be a consequence of stress corrosion by water molecules at the crack tip. The influence of transformation toughening on SCG is discussed in terms of a stress intensity factor acting to reduce the net driving force for propagation. This proposition is in agreement with results obtained on 3Y-TZP and Mg-PSZ ceramics. A master curve is proposed which could be applied roughly to all zirconia ceramics. The influence of zirconia addition to alumina ceramics (ZTA ceramics) is also discussed. The second part of the paper deals with SCG under cyclic loading. A mechanical degradation of all zirconia-based composites is observed by a decrease of crack shielding. This degradation of zirconia-based composites under cyclic loading leads to increased velocities as compared to the static fatigue case. A master curve is also obtained, as in the case of static fatigue. Cyclic fatigue results are interpreted in terms of stress corrosion at the crack tip assisted by a decrease of the reinforcement. |
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