Vapor grown carbon fiber composites with epoxy and poly(phenylene sulfide) matrices |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Mississippi State University, Department of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 9573, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;2. Mississippi State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, P.O. Box ME, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;3. Mississippi State University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 9595, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;1. Department A.B.C., Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy;2. Department of Materials Engineering, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium;1. Energy Storage & Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;2. Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;3. College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China;4. Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;5. Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;2. System Engineering Institute of Sichuan Aerospace, Chengdu 610100, China;3. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCF, Pyrograf III™ from Applied Sciences, Inc.), with 100–300 nm diameters and ∽10–100 μm lengths, were formulated in various fiber volume fractions into epoxy (thermoset) and into poly(phenylene sulfide) (thermoplastic) composites. Increases in stiffness were observed as with previous VGCF/organic matrix composites. Large increases in flexural strengths were achieved in both systems demonstrating for the first time that discontinuous randomly oriented Pyrograf III™ can give strength increases and has substantial potential as a reinforcement in composites. Here-to-fore, addition of VGCF caused strength decreases. Voids, residual thermal strains (as the fiber surface area is ∽35 times greater than 7 μm-diameter PAN fiber), or uncertainties about fiber strength, fiber–matrix bonding and the degree of fiber dispersion, could cause losses of strength. Thermal conductivity properties of VGCF/ABS (acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene from GE Plastics) and VGCF/epoxy composites with various fiber volume fractions were measured. Thermal conductivity increased with an increase in fiber volume fraction. However, these increases were not significant enough to make these VGCF fiber/organic matrix composites candidates for thermally conductive materials. |
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