天然气省际销售优化分配模型及其应用

天然气销售是各石油公司业务的重要组成部分,天然气销售业务的盈利状况也会在很大程度上影响到石油公司的整体利润水平。由于目前我国天然气进口价格与国内销售价格倒挂,各石油公司进口天然气业务面临严重亏损,且随着国内天然气价格改革不断推进,天然气销售公司如何提高其经济效益便成为重要问题。为此,以天然气销售公司经济利润最大化为目标,在满足各省天然气最低消费量且不超过各省最大利用能力的条件下,依据国家新出台的天然气价格政策,建立了销售公司的省际销售优化模型,并以中国石油的一条西气东输干线为例对该模型进行了检验。结果表明:线性规划方法是解决天然气销售公司省际销售的科学可行的方法,模型的优化结果能够为天然气销售公司提供有效的决策支持,具有很强的实用性。未来,该研究方法可以进一步扩展到天然气在各省范围内的各地区间和用户间的优化销售,此外,该方法还可以应用于分析其他资源的省际优化销售问题。

An optimization model of the provincial natural gas sale allocation based on the profits of suppliers

Natural gas sale is an important activity of an oil & gas company and its profitability will largely affect the company's whole business profit. Because the natural gas import price is higher than the domestic sale price in China, heavy losses will be a great issue for an oil & gas company's natural gas importing business. To solve this problem, it is very important for an oil & gas operator to improve its economic profit along with the continuous acceleration of natural gas market-oriented reform in China. To this end, according to the newly-issued price policies of natural gas in China, we established a linear programming model related to the inter-provincial sale activity with the maximized economic profit for a gas sales company. Verified by use of the data from PetroChina's "West-to-East Trunk Line Ⅲ", this model is a practical and scientific tool for an oil & gas company's inter-provincial sale decision making. In the future, the method can be further extended to optimize gas sales across regions and users within the scope of provinces and even applied to other resources' inter-provincial sale problems.