国家管网公司成立对中国天然气市场竞争格局的影响

我国的天然气产业正处于市场化改革的初期阶段,国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司(以下简称国家管网公司)成立后,天然气产、运、销将由原来的一体化逐步分离,整个天然气市场的竞争格局无疑会发生巨大的变化。为此,在深入调查我国天然气市场竞争格局现状的基础上,结合相关市场数据与国家政策改革方向,分析和预测了国家管网公司成立后我国天然气市场竞争形势与贸易格局将发生的变化。研究结果表明:①上游政策性壁垒被打破,更多市场主体将参与天然气勘探开发,一些下游企业也将积极布局天然气生产、进口等业务,以保障自身的资源供应、提高市场话语权,上游市场竞争格局将逐渐形成;②中游长输天然气管网将形成全国一张网,由国家管网公司统一运营,区域管网公司将与国家管网公司并存;③在新增资源的冲击下,下游市场的竞争也将进一步加剧;④整个市场逐渐向上游油气资源多主体多渠道供应、中间统一管网高效集输、下游销售市场充分竞争的"X+1+N+X"体系转变。进而向国家层面提出了相关建议:①加强对市场相关环节的监管;②短期内明确多头进口的规则,确保资源稳定供应;③落实天然气门站价格动态调整机制,完善上下游疏导机制;④进一步规范供气、用气合同,鼓励...

Influence of the establishment of the National Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporationon the competition pattern of natural gas market in China

China's natural gas industry is now in the early stage of market-oriented reform. After the establishment of the National Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation, the production, transportation and sales of natural gas will get separated gradually from the original integration and the competition pattern of the entire natural gas market will surely change significantly. In this paper, the current competition pattern of domestic natural gas market was investigated deeply. And then combined with related market data and national policy reform directions, how the competition situations and trade patterns of China's natural gas market will change after the establishment of the National Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation was analyzed and predicted. And the following research results were obtained. First, as the upstream policy barriers are broken, more market players will participate in natural gas exploration and development, some downstream companies will also actively deploy their natural gas production, import and other businesses to ensure their own resource supply and improve their market status, and the competition pattern of upstream market will be formed gradually. Second, the long-distance pipeline networks in the midstream will constitute one national network, which will be operated unitedly by the National Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation. And the regional pipeline network companies will coexist with the National Oil & Gas Pipeline Network Corporation. Third, under the impact of new resources, the competition in the downstream market will be intensified further. Fourth, the entire market is gradually shifting to an "X+1+N+X" system where oil and gas resources are supplied through multiple agents and channels in the upstream, gas is efficiently transported through the unified pipeline network in the midstream and the downstream sales market is fully competitive. Finally, several suggestions were proposed to the state. First, strengthen the supervision on related market links. Second, implement multi-source import rules in the short term to ensure a stable resource supply. Third, perform dynamic adjustment mechanism on the gate price of natural gas and improve the upstream–downstream communication mechanism. Fourth, standardize gas supply contracts further and encourage long-term purchase and sale agreements.