粉末冶金制备高压隔离开关触头材料的可行性研究

采用粉末冶金法制备了基体材料为纯铜、表面覆银的高压隔离开关触头材料。通过对触头表面粉末冶金覆银层和电镀银层的耐蚀性、耐硫性、附着强度和表面硬度对比实验，分析研究了应用粉末冶金技术制备高压隔离开关触头材料的可行性。实验结果表明，粉末冶金法制备的覆银层与基体铜的界面结合紧密且无明显缺陷，附着强度符合GB/T 5270—2005的要求，粉末冶金覆银层的耐蚀性接近电镀银层的耐蚀性，耐硫性与电镀银层的耐硫性基本相当，但表面硬度明显高于电镀银层，对提高其耐磨性具有一定的促进作用。研究表明，粉末冶金技术制备高压开关触头的方法理论上是可行的，但实际应用还需要进一步的工程应用研究。

Feasibility Study on the Preparation of Contact Materials of High-Voltage Disconnector by Powder Metallurgy

In this paper, the contact materials with copper substrate covered by silver coating is fabricated for high-voltage disconnector by adopting powder metallurgy (PM) techniques. Through comparative tests on the performance of electroplated silver coating and the PM silver-coated layer in terms of corrosion and sulfur resistance, adhesion strength and micro-Vickers hardness, the feasibilities of using PM techniques to produce contact materials are studied. The test results indicate that the interface between the silver-coated layer and the copper matrix is tightly coupled without any noticeable defects and the adhesion strength meets the requirements of GB/T 5270—2005. The corrosion resistance of the PM silver-coated layer is close to that of the electroplated silver layer while the sulfur tolerance of the PM silver-coated layer is basically identical to the electroplated silver coating, but the surface hardness of the PM silver-coated layer is significantly higher than that of the electroplated silver layer, which is helpful to improve the wear resistance to some extent. The research in this paper shows that the method of powder metallurgy technology to produce high-voltage switch contacts is feasible theoretically, but to further promote practical applications, more research on engineering applications should be carried out.